La salud infantil y el ambiente. Exposición a pesticidas de poblaciones vulnerables
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31698/ped.51022024007Palabras clave:
exposicion, pesticidas, efectos adversos, niños, embarazoResumen
Los pesticidas son un grupo de compuestos químicos que tienen diferentes acciones, insecticidas, fungicidas, herbicidas, rodenticidas. Luego de su aplicación,el proceso de degradacion es lento. Pueden permanecer en el suelo y en las aguas subterráneas, contaminando el agua.
El cambio climático transforma el proceso de degradación de los compuestos químicos, por la alteración de la composición del suelo, produciendo alteraciones en el ecosistema y la biodiversidad.El impacto de los pesticidas sobre la salud humana es un desafío por el gran potencial de daño que tienen.Desde el año 2004, se introduce en Paraguay las semillas geneticamente modificadas, acompañado de un gran incremento de las areas de cultivo y la utilizacion de pesticidas.Con el objetivo de revisar el estado del conocimiento actual sobre los efectos de estas sustancias quimicas, sobre los diferentes organos y sistemas en las poblaciones pediatricas y embarazadas, se realizo una revision descriptiva, abarcando las principales base de datos disponibles.Como objetivo secundario, considerando la extension de areas de cultivo en Paraguay, describir los resutlados de los estudios realizados en el pais.
Los resultados de los estudios revisados muestran asociacion entre afectacion de diferentes organos, sistemas, de estas poblaciones y la exposcion ambiental, de las aguas y los alimentos. Algunos de estos resultados se replican en los realizados en las zonas de cultivo del pais.
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